Kohesi: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi

Articles

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): Kohesi: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, ISSN 3025-1311

ANALISIS KINERJA SEISMIK BANGUNAN FIXED BASE DENGAN LEAD RUBBER BEARING (LRB): SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW TAHUN 2020–2026

DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2238/tgppx238
Submitted
July 18, 2026
Published
2026-07-18

Abstract

Bangunan gedung di wilayah rawan gempa seperti Sumatera Barat menghadapi risiko kerusakan struktural yang tinggi apabila hanya mengandalkan sistem struktur konvensional (fixed base) dalam meredam energi gempa. Salah satu pendekatan yang berkembang pesat untuk meningkatkan kinerja seismik bangunan adalah penerapan sistem isolasi dasar (base isolation), khususnya Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB), yang bekerja dengan memperpanjang periode getar alami struktur dan meningkatkan redaman sehingga respons dinamik akibat gempa dapat direduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) untuk memetakan tren publikasi, kategori fokus, serta bukti empiris mengenai perbandingan kinerja seismik bangunan fixed base dan bangunan berisolasi dasar Lead Rubber Bearing pada periode 2020–2026. Penelitian menggunakan metode SLR dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui Publish or Perish (PoP) terhadap database Scopus yang menghasilkan 200 rekaman. Setelah proses skrining, penilaian eligibility, dan penapisan relevansi tematik, diperoleh 36 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi untuk disintesis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) jumlah publikasi meningkat tajam menuju tahun 2026, meskipun dampak sitasi kumulatif tertinggi masih berasal dari artikel-artikel awal periode (2021); (2) fokus penelitian didominasi oleh kajian kinerja isolator Lead Rubber Bearing/High Damping Rubber Bearing (33,3%) dan studi komparatif langsung fixed base versus base-isolated (30,6%), dengan mayoritas menggunakan pendekatan numerik/komputasional (72,2%); (3) bangunan berisolasi dasar LRB secara konsisten menunjukkan penurunan gaya geser dasar, percepatan lantai, dan simpangan antar lantai dibandingkan bangunan fixed base, meskipun perpindahan pada lapisan isolasi meningkat; dan (4) tantangan implementasi meliputi kompleksitas desain sambungan, kebutuhan celah seismik, biaya material isolator, serta dominasi studi berbasis simulasi numerik dibandingkan pengujian pada bangunan nyata. Analisis bibliometrik VOSViewer terhadap kata kunci menunjukkan keterkaitan erat antara klaster "isolated building", "interaction", dan "isolation" sebagai representasi struktur tematik utama bidang ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Lead Rubber Bearing merupakan solusi yang efektif dan telah terbukti secara luas dalam literatur global untuk meningkatkan kinerja seismik bangunan, sehingga relevan sebagai dasar pertimbangan teknis bagi bangunan publik di wilayah rawan gempa seperti Gedung MUI Sumatera Barat.

References

  1. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  2. Chopra, A. K. (2017). Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering (5th ed.). Pearson.
  3. Kitchenham, B., Budgen, D., Brereton, P., Turner, M., Charters, S., & Linkman, S. (2007). Large-scale software engineering questions – expert opinion or empirical evidence? IET Software, 1(5), 161–171. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-sen:20060052
  4. Naeim, F., & Kelly, J. M. (1999). Design of seismic isolated structures: From theory to practice. John Wiley & Sons.
  5. Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
  6. van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2009). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3
  7. Akash, et al. (2026). Impact of Lead Rubber Bearings on Plan-Irregular Reinforced Concrete Buildings under Low and High PGA/PGV Earthquake Ground Motions. International Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering, 12(3), 6050–6062. https://doi.org/10.29294/IJASE.12.3.2026.6050-6062
  8. Bayraktar, A., et al. (2026). Evidence-based seismic performance assessment of non-structural components in fixed-base and base-isolated hospital buildings using monitoring data. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 24(6), 4459–4484. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-026-02400-4
  9. Biswas, N., et al. (2026). Response Prediction of Fixed Based and Base-Isolated Asymmetric RCC Building Through Machine Learning. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 780, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-4009-9_13
  10. Dahat, P.G., et al. (2026). Comparative analysis of seismic response reduction of building with and without base isolation (lead rubber bearing, elastomeric bearing, friction pendulum system). AIP Conference Proceedings, 3441(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0334606
  11. Darwish, A.Q., et al. (2022). Vibration Response Reduction of Seismic Forces Using Lead Rubber Bearing Isolators in Composite Buildings. Journal of Vibration Engineering and Technologies, 10(4), 1309–1324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-022-00447-6
  12. Deringöl, A.H., et al. (2023). Enhancing the seismic performance of high-rise buildings with lead rubber bearing isolators. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(2), 99–107. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1026994
  13. Ditommaso, R., et al. (2026). Vertical Ground-Motion Effects in Base-Isolated Buildings: Preliminary Observations from Twin Fixed-Base and Base-Isolated Structures During the 18 March 2025 Potenza Sequence. Buildings, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16030482
  14. Domadzra, Y., et al. (2025). Influence of Characteristics of Lead Rubber Bearing Isolator on the Seismic Response of a Base-Isolated Building. Journal of Structural Design and Construction Practice, 30(3). https://doi.org/10.1061/JSDCCC.SCENG-1737
  15. Domadzra, Y., et al. (2026). Nonlinear seismic performance of LRB-isolated buildings under near-field ground motions: influence and limits of maximum isolator displacement. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-026-01709-4
  16. Ergun, M., et al. (2026). Resilience-oriented seismic retrofit of heritage masonry minarets using hybrid base isolation and supplemental damping. Structures, 83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110893
  17. Fakih, M., et al. (2021). Effect of lead-rubber bearing isolators in reducing seismic damage for a high-rise building in comparison with normal shear wall system. SDHM Structural Durability and Health Monitoring, 15(3), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.32604/SDHM.2021.015174
  18. Fu, H., et al. (2024). Substructural shake table testing for nonstructural elements of various damage sensitivity in a fixed-base and a base-isolated building. Engineering Structures, 321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.119017
  19. Gupta, G., et al. (2025a). Review on “Seismic Performance of Buildings with Fixed Base and Lead Rubber Bearing Base Isolator”. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, 255–264. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82133-2_19
  20. Gupta, G., et al. (2025b). Seismic Performance of Regular and Irregular Buildings with Fixed Base and Lead Rubber Bearing Base Isolator. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, 379–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82133-2_29
  21. Hu, G.J., et al. (2023). Design and analysis of LRB base-isolated building structure for multilevel performance targets. Structures, 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105236
  22. Jalali, Y., et al. (2021). Comparative response assessment of base-isolated braced-frame buildings considering effects of ductility design. Journal of Building Engineering, 43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103110
  23. Kayı, D.B., et al. (2026). Effect of superstructure characteristics on seismic response of an RC building retrofitted with lead rubber bearings. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-026-02466-0
  24. Khare, K., et al. (2024). Comparative study of seismic performance between fixed base and base-isolated regular RC frames (G+21 floors) using SAP 2000. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 25(8), 5657–5667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-024-01136-3
  25. Kiran, K.K., et al. (2025). Optimization of Tuned Mass Damper Inerter Systems for Seismic Control of Base-Isolated and Fixed-Base Structures. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 50(20), 17153–17187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-025-10352-1
  26. Losanno, D., Ravichandran, N., Parisi, F., Calabrese, A., & Serino, G. (2021). Seismic performance of a Low-Cost base isolation system for unreinforced brick Masonry buildings in developing countries. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106501
  27. Losanno, D., et al. (2023). Seismic fragility models for base-isolated unreinforced masonry buildings with fibre-reinforced elastomeric isolators. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 52(2), 308–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3761
  28. Mahdavi Naderi, A., et al. (2022). Simultaneous Evaluation and Comparison of the Performance of Isolator Models in the Soil Structure Interface and Dampers at the Height of Structure under Seismic Load. Journal of the Earth and Space Physics, 48(3), 515–529. https://doi.org/10.22059/JESPHYS.2022.313061.1007259
  29. Mazloum, A.A., et al. (2020). Study and comparison of seismic behaviour of isolator-damper hybrid control system with conventional structural systems. Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 8(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.22075/JRCE.2019.17441.1329
  30. Mazza, F., et al. (2022). Seismic vulnerability of fixed-base and base-isolated hospitals: blind comparison between shaking table and numerical tests. Procedia Structural Integrity, 44, 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2023.01.020
  31. Mazza, F., et al. (2024). Structural and non-structural numerical blind prediction of shaking table experimental tests on fixed-base and base-isolated hospitals. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 53(10), 2961–2987. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4146
  32. Nishipriya, D., et al. (2023). Design of base-isolation using lead rubber bearing. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2754(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0169519
  33. Nurhuda, I., et al. (2026). Seismic Response Comparison of Fixed-Base and Base-Isolated 8-Story Buildings with Frame and Shear Wall Systems. Advances in Technology Innovation, 11(2), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.46604/aiti.2026.16055
  34. Ozer, E., et al. (2023). Seismic Performance Comparison of Fixed and Base-Isolated Models. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Transactions of Civil Engineering, 47(2), 1007–1023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-022-00936-4
  35. Öztürk, H., et al. (2022). Effects of Lead Core Heating on the Response of Isolated-Base and Fixed-Base Regular and Irregular Reinforced Concrete Structures. Buildings, 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081087
  36. Pasala, D.T.R., et al. (2025). Negative stiffness device for seismic protection of MDOF yielding fixed base structures: Experimental and analytical study. Earthquake Spectra, 41(1), 682–703. https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930241292348
  37. Patel, D., et al. (2024). Advancements in base isolation for seismic mitigation: Perspectives on elastomeric and lead rubber bearings. Research on Engineering Structures and Materials, 10(3), 1017–1049. https://doi.org/10.17515/resm2024.15ma0927rv
  38. Patel, D., et al. (2025). Dynamic analysis of base-isolated and fixed-base RC frame buildings under near-field and far-field earthquakes. Sādhanā (Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences), 50(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-025-02736-8
  39. Rosales, A., et al. (2020). Proposal of parameters for the design of seismic insulators through a comparative analysis of the seismic response of an essential building with anti-seismic isolation under various international standards. Proceedings of the Laccei International Multi Conference for Engineering Education and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18687/LACCEI2020.1.1.40
  40. Yanik, A., et al. (2026). Comparative seismic performance of LRB and HDRB systems in reinforced concrete buildings. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-026-01722-7
  41. Zhang, C., Ali, A., & Sun, L. (2021). Investigation on low-cost friction-based isolation systems for masonry building structures: Experimental and numerical studies. Engineering Structures, 243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112645
  42. Zoheb, N.M., et al. (2022). Seismic Behavior of Masonry Building with Spread Base Isolation Using Natural Rubber. Lifelines 2022 1971 San Fernando Earthquake and Lifeline Infrastructure Selected Papers from the Lifelines 2022 Conference, 2, 556–565. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784484449.049

Similar Articles

1-10 of 131

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.