ANALISIS PERFORMA TRANSMISI DATA TELEMETRI DENGAN METODA CASCADING PADA PANEL SURYA

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas analisis kinerja transmisi data telemetri pada sistem monitoring pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) dengan menggunakan metode cascading. Penerapan metode cascading bertujuan memperluas jangkauan komunikasi melalui proses penerusan paket data secara berjenjang dari satu node menuju node berikutnya hingga mencapai gateway. Sistem yang dirancang terdiri atas beberapa node berbasis ESP32 yang dilengkapi sensor INA219 untuk mengukur tegangan dan arus panel surya serta modul LoRa RA-02 sebagai media komunikasi nirkabel. Data yang diterima oleh gateway selanjutnya dikirimkan melalui jaringan internet menuju platform Internet of Things (IoT) Thinger.io agar dapat dipantau secara waktu nyata. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental melalui pengujian transmisi data pada variasi jarak 50, 100, 150, dan 200 meter. Kinerja komunikasi dianalisis berdasarkan nilai Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) dan Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), serta keberhasilan data panel surya diterima oleh gateway. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jarak komunikasi menyebabkan penurunan kekuatan sinyal yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai RSSI yang semakin rendah. Meskipun demikian, data tegangan, arus, daya, energi, dan koordinat lokasi tetap dapat diterima dan ditampilkan melalui platform Thinger.io pada seluruh jarak pengujian. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode cascading dapat diterapkan untuk mendukung transmisi data telemetri pada sistem monitoring panel surya, terutama pada lokasi yang memerlukan komunikasi nirkabel secara bertahap dan berjarak jauh. This study analyzes the performance of telemetry data transmission in a solar power plant monitoring system using the cascading method. The implementation of the cascading method aims to extend the communication range by forwarding data packets sequentially from one node to another until they reach the gateway. The designed system consists of several ESP32-based nodes equipped with INA219 sensors to measure the voltage and current generated by the solar panels, as well as LoRa RA-02 modules as the wireless communication medium. The data received by the gateway are subsequently transmitted through the internet to the Thinger.io Internet of Things (IoT) platform for real-time monitoring. This study employed an experimental approach by testing data transmission at distances of 50, 100, 150, and 200 meters. Communication performance was evaluated based on the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and the successful reception of solar panel data by the gateway. The results indicate that an increase in communication distance leads to a decrease in signal strength, as reflected by lower RSSI values. Nevertheless, voltage, current, power, energy, and location coordinate data were successfully received and displayed on the Thinger.io platform at all tested distances. These findings demonstrate that the cascading method can be applied to support telemetry data transmission in solar panel monitoring systems, particularly in locations that require gradual and long-range wireless communication