Extraterritorial Human Rights Obligations Korporasi Multinasional: Antara Soft Law dan Hard Law dalam Kerangka UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights

Authors

  • Dahliah Dahliah

    Universitas Negeri Makassar
    Author

  • Ibnu Qoyyim

    Universitas Negeri Makassar
    Author

  • Fitriani S

    Universitas Negeri Makassar
    Author

  • Irsyad Dahri

    Universitas Negeri Makassar
    Author
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2238/2wqwxh73
Keywords:
ekstrateritorialitas, korporasi multinasional, UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, soft law, hard law, hak asasi manusia
Abstract
Isu utama yang diangkat dalam artikel ini adalah lemahnya akuntabilitas hak asasi manusia korporasi multinasional atas dampak lintas negara yang ditimbulkan oleh operasi global mereka. Pemisahan badan hukum korporasi dan sifat teritorial kewajiban hak asasi manusia negara sering kali melindungi perusahaan dari pertanggungjawaban, sementara negara tempat beroperasi kerap tidak mampu atau tidak mau memberikan perlindungan dan pemulihan yang efektif bagi korban. Tujuan artikel ini adalah menganalisis kedudukan UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights sebagai standar normatif global serta menilai sejauh mana standar tersebut efektif mendorong tanggung jawab negara asal dan korporasi dalam konteks ekstrateritorial. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan terbatas, memanfaatkan instrumen internasional, dokumen resmi PBB/OHCHR, serta literatur akademik sebagai bahan hukum utama. Temuan inti artikel ini menegaskan bahwa UNGPs merupakan soft law yang diakui secara luas dan telah membangun gelombang pembentukan norma, namun tetap tidak mengikat, tidak presisi pada isu-isu kunci, dan tidak memiliki mekanisme kontrol yang kuat. Simpulan yang dapat ditarik adalah bahwa efektivitas UNGPs dalam konteks ekstrateritorial masih sangat bergantung pada penerjemahan ke dalam hukum nasional, terutama melalui mandatory human rights due diligence, tanggung jawab perdata, pengawasan negara asal, dan mekanisme pemulihan yang nyata.
References

Instrumen Hukum Internasional

UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, endorsed by the UN Human Rights Council, UN Doc. A/HRC/17/31 (2011).

Maastricht Principles on Extraterritorial Obligations of States in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2011).

Buku Dan Bab Buku

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Artikel Dan Jurnal

Augenstein, Daniel. "Towards a New Legal Consensus on Business and Human Rights: A 10th Anniversary Essay." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 40, no. 1 (2022): 35-55.

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Published
2026-06-25
Issue
Vol. 16 No. 8 (2026): Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan, ISSN: 3031-0369
Section
Articles

How to Cite

Extraterritorial Human Rights Obligations Korporasi Multinasional: Antara Soft Law dan Hard Law dalam Kerangka UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. (2026). Causa: Jurnal Hukum Dan Kewarganegaraan, 16(8). https://doi.org/10.2238/2wqwxh73

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