Vol. 23 No. 3 (2026)
Medic Nutricia : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, ISSN : 3025-8855

Articles

PERSEPSI PASIEN RAWAT JALAN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI DOKTER: SEBUAH STUDI KUALITATIF

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2238/9a78h623

Published 2026-07-14

  • Fitria Laras Hanjani
    • ,
  • Dwita Oktaria
    • ,
  • Risti Graharti
    • ,
  • Oktafany

Fitria Laras Hanjani
Universitas Lampung

Dwita Oktaria
Universitas Lampung

Risti Graharti
Universitas Lampung

Oktafany
Universitas Lampung

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Komunikasi dokter-pasien merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan yang berperan dalam membangun hubungan terapeutik, meningkatkan kepuasan pasien, serta mendukung keberhasilan terapi. Namun, keterbatasan waktu konsultasi dan tingginya beban pelayanan dapat memengaruhi kualitas komunikasi dokter dengan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi pasien rawat jalan terhadap keterampilan komunikasi dokter di RS TK. IV 02.07.04 DKT Bandar Lampung. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan dipilih menggunakan teknik maximum variation sampling, terdiri atas tujuh pasien rawat jalan dari empat poliklinik (saraf, bedah, obgyn, dan paru) serta dua dokter spesialis sebagai informan triangulasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview) dan observasi nonpartisipatif terhadap durasi konsultasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik mengikuti tahapan Creswell (2018), dan kredibilitas data dijaga melalui triangulasi sumber, member checking, keterlibatan peneliti, refleksivitas posisi peneliti, serta peer review. Hasil: Analisis tematik menghasilkan tiga tema utama yang menggambarkan persepsi pasien terhadap keterampilan komunikasi dokter, yaitu kejelasan penyampaian informasi, kompetensi interpersonal dan profesional, serta keterlibatan pasien saat konsultasi. Pasien menilai dokter mampu menjelaskan kondisi kesehatan dengan bahasa yang mudah dipahami dan didukung media visual seperti gambar dan manekin, menunjukkan sikap ramah, empati, dan kepedulian yang menumbuhkan kepercayaan, serta melibatkan pasien dan keluarga dalam pengambilan keputusan serta memberikan kesempatan kepada pasien untuk bertanya. Hasil observasi terhadap sepuluh pasien menunjukkan rata-rata durasi konsultasi dokter-pasien adalah 5 menit 12 detik, dengan rentang 2 menit 09 detik hingga 9 menit 40 detik. Kesimpulan: Pasien rawat jalan memiliki persepsi yang positif terhadap keterampilan komunikasi dokter meskipun durasi konsultasi relatif singkat. Kejelasan penyampaian informasi, kualitas hubungan interpersonal, dan keterlibatan aktif pasien merupakan aspek yang paling menentukan persepsi tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa kualitas komunikasi tidak semata ditentukan oleh lamanya waktu interaksi, melainkan oleh bagaimana setiap momen konsultasi dimanfaatkan secara optimal oleh dokter.

Keywords

komunikasi dokter-pasien, komunikasi efektif, penelitian kualitatif, persepsi pasien, rawat jalan

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