DILEMA STATUS KEMITRAAN BURUH DIGITAL DALAM SISTEM HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN DAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DI INDONESIA

Authors
  • Pa'is Ihwal Rasid

    Universitas Krisnadwipayana
    Author
Keywords:
Digital Workers; Gig Economy; Partnership Relations; Industrial Relations; Employment Law Protection.
Abstract
The development of digital platform-based gig economy has given rise to a new phenomenon in labor relations in Indonesia, namely the emergence of digital workers who are formally classified as "partners" by platform companies such as Gojek, Grab, ShopeeFood, Shopee Express, and Maxim. This research aims to analyze the legal status dilemma of digital workers' partnership status within Indonesia's employment law and industrial relations system, to examine the possibility of bogus partnership, and to reconstruct an ideal regulatory model. The research method used is normative legal research with a statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The results show that the relationship between digital workers and platforms contains elements of an employment relationship as stipulated in Article 1 number 15 of Law Number 13 of 2003 on Manpower, particularly the elements of work, wages, and command embedded through algorithmic mechanisms and platform's unilateral policies. However, the circumvention of worker status through partnership schemes has caused digital workers to be deprived of employment law protection, social security, the right to organize, and access to industrial dispute resolution mechanisms. A comparison with Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the European Union demonstrates the urgency of establishing a new legal category (sui generis) or regulatory amendments that explicitly recognize and protect platform workers in Indonesia. This article recommends a multi-layer protection model involving the enactment of a digital partnership law, mandatory extension of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan coverage, and recognition of trade union rights for digital workers
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Published
2026-06-24
Section
Articles

How to Cite

DILEMA STATUS KEMITRAAN BURUH DIGITAL DALAM SISTEM HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN DAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DI INDONESIA. (2026). Causa: Jurnal Hukum Dan Kewarganegaraan, 16(8). https://doi.org/10.2238/j04zgw85

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