Vol. 23 No. 3 (2026)
Medic Nutricia : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, ISSN : 3025-8855

Articles

LITERATURE REVIEW: KUALITAS UDARA DI LINGKUNGAN INDUSTRI DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KESEHATAN PEKERJA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2238/te8d2076

Published 2026-07-07

  • Abul A’la Al Maududi
    • ,
  • Ragil Nur Cahya
    • ,
  • Aqilah Fachrezi Paputungan
    • ,
  • Lutfi Istnaen Mauliditya
    • ,
  • Riska Fitri Ariyanti

Abul A’la Al Maududi
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Ragil Nur Cahya
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Aqilah Fachrezi Paputungan
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Lutfi Istnaen Mauliditya
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Riska Fitri Ariyanti
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Abstract

Kualitas udara di lingkungan industri merupakan faktor risiko penting bagi kesehatan pernapasan pekerja, mengingat berbagai proses produksi menghasilkan polutan seperti particulate matter (PM2.5 dan PM10), asap las, debu organik, serta senyawa organik volatil (VOC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai kualitas udara di lingkungan industri serta dampaknya terhadap kesehatan pekerja melalui metode literature review. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect terhadap artikel yang terbit pada rentang tahun 2021–2025, sehingga diperoleh dua belas artikel yang relevan untuk ditelaah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pajanan polutan udara di berbagai sektor industri, seperti industri kayu, semen, pengecatan, pengelasan, dan tekstil semen (fiber-cement), secara konsisten berhubungan dengan penurunan fungsi paru dan munculnya gejala pernapasan pada pekerja, dengan risiko yang meningkat seiring lamanya masa kerja, riwayat merokok, bertambahnya usia, serta minimnya penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD). Sebaliknya, penerapan APD, rekayasa ventilasi, dan pemantauan kualitas udara secara berkala terbukti efektif menurunkan risiko gangguan tersebut. Kesimpulannya, pengendalian pajanan udara di lingkungan industri perlu dilakukan secara menyeluruh melalui kombinasi pengendalian sumber emisi, rekayasa teknis, penggunaan APD, dan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala guna melindungi kesehatan pernapasan pekerja. Air quality in industrial environments is an important risk factor for workers’ respiratory health, given that various production processes generate pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), welding fumes, organic dust, and volatile organic compounds (VOC). This study aims to identify, analyze, and synthesize scientific evidence regarding air quality in industrial environments and its impact on worker health through a literature review method. Literature searches were conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect for articles published between 2021 and 2025, resulting in twelve relevant articles for review. The findings show that exposure to air pollutants across various industrial sectors, including wood processing, cement, paint manufacturing, welding, and fiber-cement industries, is consistently associated with declining lung function and the emergence of respiratory symptoms among workers, with risk increasing alongside longer work duration, smoking history, older age, and inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Conversely, the use of PPE, ventilation engineering, and regular air quality monitoring have proven effective in reducing these health risks. In conclusion, controlling air exposure in industrial environments requires a comprehensive approach combining emission source control, engineering controls, PPE use, and periodic health examinations to protect workers’ respiratory health.

Keywords

kualitas udara, industri, kesehatan pekerja, fungsi paru, air quality, industry, worker health, lung function

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