Kohesi: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi

Articles

Vol. 11 No. 4 (2026): Kohesi: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, ISSN 3025-1311

PENGARUH DOSIS LEMPUNG LOKAL TERAKTIVASI HCl TERHADAP PENGHILANGAN β-KAROTEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK MUTU REFINED PALM OIL

DOI:
https://doi.cibangsa.org/DOI-2026-325
Submitted
September 29, 2026
Published
2026-09-29

Abstract

Bleaching merupakan salah satu tahapan penting dalam pemurnian minyak sawit karena berperan dalam mengurangi pigmen dan pengotor melalui interaksi dengan adsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh massa lempung lokal teraktivasi HCl terhadap penghilangan β-karoten dan beberapa karakteristik mutu refined palm oil (RPO). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan satu faktor dengan lima taraf massa lempung, yaitu 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; dan 2,5 g per 20 mL RPO, dengan tiga ulangan independen. Bleaching dilakukan pada suhu 50 ± 2 °C selama 15 menit. Kadar β-karoten ditentukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV–Vis pada 446 nm, sedangkan kadar air, asam lemak bebas (FFA), dan bilangan peroksida dianalisis secara gravimetri dan titrimetri. Kadar β-karoten awal sebesar 227,83 ± 1,17 ppm menurun menjadi masing-masing 73,50 ± 0,66; 49,47 ± 0,93; 32,00 ± 0,40; 20,80 ± 0,44; dan 13,83 ± 0,35 ppm pada peningkatan massa lempung. Efisiensi penghilangan β-karoten meningkat dari 67,74 menjadi 93,93%. ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa massa lempung berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar β-karoten, kadar air, dan FFA (p < 0,001), tetapi tidak terhadap bilangan peroksida (p = 0,466). Massa 1,5 g dipilih berdasarkan kedekatan kadar β-karoten terhadap target 30 ppm yang digunakan dalam penelitian, bukan berdasarkan penghilangan maksimum. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa lempung lokal teraktivasi HCl berpotensi digunakan sebagai adsorben pada bleaching RPO, meskipun karakteristik adsorben dan mekanisme penghilangan β-karoten masih perlu dikaji lebih lanjut.

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