Musytari : Jurnal Manajemen, Akuntansi, dan Ekonomi

Vol. 25 No. 9 (2026): Musytari: Neraca Manajemen, Akuntansi, dan Ekonomi, ISSN 3025-9495
Articles

ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA PADA INDUSTRI MIKRO DAN KECIL (IMK) DI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN DATA PANEL 34 PROVINSI TAHUN 2018–2024

PDF
  • Eka Chairunnisa Hapsari
Eka Chairunnisa Hapsari
Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Jurusan Ilmu Ekonomi, Universitas Padjadjaran
DOI: https://doi.cibangsa.org/DOI-2026-18

Published 2026-08-26

Keywords

  • MSI labor absorption,
  • output value,
  • human development index,
  • regional GDP,
  • provincial minimum wage,
  • panel data
    • ...More
    Less

How to Cite

ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA PADA INDUSTRI MIKRO DAN KECIL (IMK) DI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN DATA PANEL 34 PROVINSI TAHUN 2018–2024. (2026). Musytari : Jurnal Manajemen, Akuntansi, Dan Ekonomi, 25(9). https://doi.cibangsa.org/DOI-2026-18

Abstract

Micro and Small Industries (MSI) play a strategic role in labor absorption in Indonesia because of their labor-intensive nature, yet their capacity remains uneven across provinces due to human resource constraints and varying regional economic conditions. This study examines the effects of MSI output value, the Human Development Index (HDI), Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), the real Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW), and the Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) on MSI labor absorption, using panel data from 34 provinces over the 2018–2024 period sourced from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and the Ministry of Manpower. The best-fitting model was selected through the Chow test and Hausman test. The Fixed Effect Model with year fixed effects and clustered standard errors at the provincial level reveals that MSI output value, HDI, and GRDP have a positive and significant effect on MSI labor absorption, while the real PMW and OUR show no significant effect. Classical assumption tests indicate no serious multicollinearity, while heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation were addressed through cluster-robust standard errors. These findings offer empirical insight into the determinants of MSI labor absorption across Indonesian provinces, suggesting that strengthening production capacity, human capital quality, and regional economic conditions may play a more central role in expanding MSI employment, alongside continued attention to wage policy and unemployment-related interventions.
PDF

References

  1. 1. Athallah, N. A., Kusuma, A. S., Azzahra, R. D., Mukti, D. V., Az, R., Rionanda, Z., Putri, A. S., & Rachmat, F. A. (2025). Pengaruh Upah Minimum, Investasi, dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2023. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 2(11). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15755747
  2. 2. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2024). Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2023.
  3. 3. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2025). Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2024 (Vol. 15).
  4. 4. Becker, G. S. (1975). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education. University of Chicago Press.
  5. 5. Blanchard, O. (2017). Macroeconomics (7th ed.).
  6. 6. Borjas, G. J. (2016). Labor Economics. McGraw-Hill Education.
  7. 7. BPS. (2024). Keadaan Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia Agustus 2024. Badan Pusat Statistik, 11(84).
  8. 8. Butkus, M., Dargenytė-Kacilevičienė, L., Matuzevičiūtė, K., Rupliené, D., & Šeputiené, J. (2024). Simultaneous, Endogenous, and Bi-Directional Relationship Between Output, Labour Productivity, and Employment: A 3SLS Estimation of the Employment Version of Okun Equation. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 25(5), 1030–1051. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2024.22425
  9. 9. Dewi, Y. K., & Gunanto, E. Y. A. (2023). Analisis Permintaan Tenaga Kerja pada Industri Kecil dan Mikro di Indonesia Tahun 2018-2021. Diponegoro Journal of Economics, 12(4), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.14710/djoe.40366
  10. 10. Doeringer, P. B., & Piore, M. J. (1971). Internal Labor Markets and Manpower Analysis.
  11. 11. Ehrenberg, R. G., & Smith, R. S. (2017). Modern Labor Economics: Theory and Public Policy (13th ed.). Routledge.
  12. 12. Elhorst, J. P., & Emili, S. (2022). A Spatial Econometric Multivariate Model of Okun's Law. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103756
  13. 13. Fields, G. S. (2005). A Guide to Multisector Labor Market Models (Social Protection Discussion Paper Series).
  14. 14. Gebrehiwot, B. A. (2022). Job Quality in the Micro and Small Enterprise Sector in Ethiopia: Evidence from Firm-Level Data. Cogent Economics and Finance, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2151703
  15. 15. Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
  16. 16. ILO-OECD. (2022). MSME Productivity, Inclusive Growth and Decent Work Creation.
  17. 17. Jaya, T. J., & Kholilah. (2020). Effect of Gross Domestic Regional Bruto, Provincial Minimum Wage, and Investment on Labor Absorption. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan (JEBIK), 9(3), 236–249. https://doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v9vi3.42642
  18. 18. Keynes, J. M. (1936). The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money.
  19. 19. Lestari, S. I., Jati, A. T., Yulianita, A., Rohima, S., & Sari, R. (2026). Pengaruh Pertumbuhan UMKM dan Tingkat Pengangguran terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di 8 Provinsi Pulau Sumatera Indonesia. EKOMA: Jurnal Ekonomi, 5(3).
  20. 20. Mankiw, N. G. (2018). Macroeconomics (10th ed.). Worth Publishers, Macmillan Learning.

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.