KABURNYA BATAS ANTARA REALITAS DAN REPRESENTASI DALAM FENOMENA AI INFLUENCER AITANA LOPEZ DI INSTAGRAM: ANALISIS SIMULACRA JEAN BAUDRILLARD

Authors

  • Ganang Putra Trihatmaja Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka Author
  • Fadeyushka Haggi Ramazan Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka Author
  • Rifma Ghulam Dzaljad Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2238/avj6hy84

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, AI Influencer, Aitana López, Instagram, Simulacra, Hyperreality, Jean Baudrillard, Digital Communication, Komunikasi Digital

Abstract

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed digital communication through the emergence of AI influencers as virtual entities capable of interacting with audiences in ways that closely resemble human behavior. One of the most prominent AI influencers is Aitana López, a Spanish virtual model created using AI technology who actively engages with audiences on Instagram. This phenomenon demonstrates the increasingly blurred boundary between reality and representation, as a non-human and non-physical figure is able to construct an authentic image, generate high audience engagement, and establish parasocial relationships with followers. This study aims to analyze the blurring of the boundary between reality and representation in the phenomenon of Aitana López as an AI influencer on Instagram through the perspective of Jean Baudrillard's theory of simulacra. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method by examining books, scholarly journal articles, and documentation of Aitana López's Instagram content as secondary data. Data were analyzed using a descriptive-interpretative approach by relating the AI influencer phenomenon to Baudrillard's concepts of simulacra and hyperreality. The findings indicate that Aitana López represents a form of simulacra that no longer refers to an original human reality but instead constructs a new reality perceived as authentic by social media users. Highly realistic visual representations, everyday-life narratives, and human-like digital interactions contribute to the blurring of the distinction between reality and representation. This condition creates hyperreality, in which digital representations are perceived as more attractive, more trustworthy, and even more valuable than reality itself. The study concludes that AI influencers have not only transformed digital communication practices and social media marketing strategies but have also reshaped how people perceive identity, authenticity, and social relationships in the digital era. Therefore, strengthening digital literacy is essential to enable society to critically understand AI-generated representations and distinguish them from social reality. Perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence atau AI) telah mengubah lanskap komunikasi digital melalui kemunculan AI influencer sebagai representasi virtual yang mampu berinteraksi dengan audiens layaknya manusia. Salah satu AI influencer yang mendapat perhatian global adalah Aitana López, model virtual asal Spanyol yang diciptakan menggunakan teknologi AI dan aktif di Instagram. Fenomena ini menunjukkan semakin kaburnya batas antara realitas dan representasi karena figur yang tidak memiliki eksistensi fisik mampu membangun citra autentik, memperoleh tingkat keterlibatan (engagement) yang tinggi, serta membentuk hubungan parasosial dengan pengikutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kaburnya batas antara realitas dan representasi dalam fenomena AI influencer Aitana López di Instagram menggunakan perspektif teori simulacra Jean Baudrillard. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka (library research), yang memanfaatkan berbagai sumber berupa buku, artikel jurnal ilmiah, serta dokumentasi konten Instagram Aitana López sebagai data sekunder. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif-interpretatif dengan mengaitkan fenomena AI influencer terhadap konsep simulacra dan hyperreality. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Aitana López merupakan bentuk simulacra yang tidak lagi merepresentasikan manusia nyata, melainkan menciptakan realitas baru yang diterima sebagai sesuatu yang autentik oleh pengguna media sosial. Visual yang sangat realistis, narasi kehidupan sehari-hari, dan interaksi digital yang dirancang menyerupai manusia menyebabkan batas antara realitas dan representasi menjadi semakin kabur. Kondisi tersebut membentuk hyperreality, yaitu keadaan ketika representasi digital dianggap lebih menarik, lebih dipercaya, bahkan lebih bernilai dibandingkan realitas itu sendiri. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AI influencer tidak hanya mengubah praktik komunikasi digital dan strategi pemasaran di media sosial, tetapi juga memengaruhi cara masyarakat memaknai identitas, autentisitas, serta hubungan sosial di era digital. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan literasi digital menjadi penting agar masyarakat mampu memahami konstruksi representasi AI secara kritis dan membedakannya dari realitas sosial.

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Published

2026-07-06