/* ==========================================================================
   StyleSheet_Argo.css - Custom Theme Stylesheet for OJS Bootstrap 3
   ==========================================================================
   NOTE: ALL custom styles and future design modifications for this OJS theme
   must be performed ONLY in this file. Do not edit PHP files or Smarty templates.
   Refer to CSS_GUIDE.md for detailed component selector mappings and recipes.
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1. GOOGLE FONTS & DESIGN TOKENS (:root)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Manrope:wght@200..800&family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,400..900;1,400..900&family=Poppins:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;0,900;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700;1,800;1,900&display=swap');

:root {
  /* Brand Color Palette */
  --color-primary: #01A7DF;
  /* Main Cyan Blue (Header & Mobile Nav) */
  --color-secondary: #3A68BE;
  /* Deep Royal Blue (Issue Card, Primary Buttons, Sidebar) */
  --color-tertiary: #4091AE;
  /* Soft Blue/Teal (Article Cards, Sidebar Items) */
  --color-accent-border: #0079a1;
  /* Dark Cyan Border for buttons */
  --color-nav-hover: #272727;
  /* Dark Charcoal for active/hover menu pills */
  --color-footer-bg: #29333F;
  /* Deep Slate Blue for footer */
  --color-text-white: #ffffff;
  /* Pure white text */
  --color-danger-accent: #b22222;
  /* Highlight / warning text color */

  /* Aliases for Additional / Custom Pages */
  --primary: var(--color-secondary);
  --primary-light: var(--color-tertiary);
  --primary-dark: var(--color-footer-bg);
  --tertiary-light: #ffffff;
  --background-color: #f8fafc;

  /* Typography */
  --font-main: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  --font-heading: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  --font-serif: "Playfair Display", serif;
  --font-ui: "Manrope", sans-serif;

  /* Elevation & Shadows */
  --shadow-strong: 2px 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  /* Used on cards & sidebar */
  --shadow-subtle: 2px 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19);
  /* Used on list items */
  --shadow-card: 0 3px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);

  /* Border Radii */
  --radius-sm: 6px;
  --radius-md: 10px;
  --radius-lg: 15px;

  /* Header & Banner Dimensions */
  --header-min-height: 10rem;
  --header-banner-height: 320px;
  --header-banner-url: url('https://assets.warunayama.org/assets/argo.png');
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2. GLOBAL RESETS & BASE TYPOGRAPHY
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
html, body {
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  min-height: 100vh;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* Sticky Footer Page Wrapper */
.pkp_structure_page {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

.pkp_structure_content.container {
  flex: 1 0 auto;
}

.pkp_structure_content.container::after {
  content: "";
  display: table;
  clear: both;
}

.journal-description,
header.page-header {
  display: none;
}

.page-header {
  margin: 0 0 21px;
}

.page-header small {
  color: var(--color-text-white);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   3. HEADER, BRAND LOGO & NAVIGATION BAR (MODERN DESIGN)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
header#headerNavigationContainer {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row-reverse;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  min-height: var(--header-min-height);
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  position: relative;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  padding: 0 15px;
}

/* Background Banner Graphic */
header#headerNavigationContainer::after {
  background-image: var(--header-banner-url);
  background-size: cover;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 100%;
  height: var(--header-banner-height);
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -9999;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
}

.container-fluid {
  margin-right: unset;
  margin-left: unset;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

/* User Navigation Row (Top Right) */
.container-fluid:nth-child(1) {
  padding-right: 0;
  padding-left: 15px;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.container-fluid:nth-child(1) .row {
  margin: 0;
}

/* Brand (Left) & Main Navigation (Pushed to Right) */
.container-fluid:nth-child(2) {
  width: auto;
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding-right: 12px;
  padding-left: 0;
}

nav#nav-menu {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-left: auto;
  gap: 8px;
}

nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 0;
}

nav#nav-menu .pull-md-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.container-fluid:after {
  display: none;
}

.container>.navbar-header,
.container-fluid>.navbar-header,
.container>.navbar-collapse,
.container-fluid>.navbar-collapse {
  margin-right: 0;
  margin-left: 0;
}

.navbar-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

/* Brand Typography & Logo */
h1.site-name,
div.site-name {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 0;
}

h1.site-name a,
div.site-name a {
  height: fit-content;
  text-decoration: none;
}

a.navbar-brand,
.navbar-brand {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 25px !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.4px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 8px 15px 8px 0;
  line-height: 1.25;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
  max-width: 460px;
}

a.navbar-brand:hover,
.navbar-brand:hover {
  opacity: 0.92;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.navbar-brand-logo img,
.navbar-brand img {
  max-height: 44px;
  width: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15));
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.navbar-brand-logo:hover img,
.navbar-brand:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

/* Navigation Links - Modern Pill Styling */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a,
.header_view .navbar-nav>li>a,
.nav.navbar-nav>li>a {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
  padding: 7px 13px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: transparent;
  transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

/* Navigation Links - Hover, Focus & Active States */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav>li>a:focus,
.header_view .navbar-nav>li>a:hover,
.header_view .navbar-nav>li>a:focus,
.nav.navbar-nav>li>a:hover,
.nav.navbar-nav>li>a:focus {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.navbar-default .navbar-nav>.active>a,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav>.active>a:hover,
.navbar-default .navbar-nav>.active>a:focus,
.nav.navbar-nav>.active>a,
.nav.navbar-nav>.active>a:hover {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28) !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 #ffffff;
}

/* Modern Dropdown Menus - Main Navigation & User Menu */
.navbar-default .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu,
.dropdown-menu,
ul#navigationUser .dropdown-menu,
.nav.nav-pills .dropdown-menu,
.open>.dropdown-menu {
  background-color: #ffffff !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important;
  padding: 8px 6px !important;
  margin-top: 8px !important;
  min-width: 190px !important;
  z-index: 1050 !important;
}

/* Ensure User Dropdown Aligns Properly to Right */
ul#navigationUser .dropdown-menu,
.dropdown-menu.dropdown-menu-right {
  right: 0 !important;
  left: auto !important;
}

/* Dropdown Menu Items (High Contrast & Clear Visibility) */
.dropdown-menu>li>a,
ul#navigationUser .dropdown-menu>li>a,
.nav.nav-pills .dropdown-menu>li>a {
  color: #1e293b !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  font-size: 13px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  padding: 9px 16px !important;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  display: flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: space-between !important;
  transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  clear: both;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.dropdown-menu>li>a:hover,
.dropdown-menu>li>a:focus,
ul#navigationUser .dropdown-menu>li>a:hover,
ul#navigationUser .dropdown-menu>li>a:focus,
.nav.nav-pills .dropdown-menu>li>a:hover,
.nav.nav-pills .dropdown-menu>li>a:focus {
  background: rgba(1, 167, 223, 0.12) !important;
  color: var(--color-primary) !important;
  transform: translateX(3px);
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.dropdown-menu .divider {
  height: 1px !important;
  margin: 6px 0 !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  background-color: #e2e8f0 !important;
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.navbar-nav>li>a .caret {
  margin-left: 6px;
  border-top-color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.navbar-nav>li.open>a .caret,
ul#navigationUser>li.open>a .caret {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

/* Badges inside Dropdown */
ul#navigationUser .badge,
.dropdown-menu .badge {
  background-color: var(--color-primary) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 11px !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  padding: 3px 8px !important;
  border-radius: 10px !important;
  margin-left: 8px !important;
}

/* User Profile / Login Navigation (Pills) */
ul#navigationUser {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 0;
  list-style: none;
  position: relative;
}

ul#navigationUser>li>a {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) !important;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
  height: 35px !important;
  padding: 0 16px !important;
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-sizing: border-box !important;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  text-decoration: none;
}

ul#navigationUser>li>a:hover,
ul#navigationUser>li>a:focus {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

/* User Profile Trigger Button & Open State (e.g. adminsuper) */
ul#navigationUser>li:last-child>a,
ul#navigationUser>li.dropdown>a,
ul#navigationUser>li.open>a,
ul#navigationUser>li.open>a:hover,
ul#navigationUser>li.open>a:focus {
  background: var(--color-secondary) !important;
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important;
}

ul#navigationUser>li:last-child>a:hover {
  background: #2d55a0 !important;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) !important;
}

ul#navigationUser>li>a .caret {
  margin-left: 6px;
  border-top-color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

/* Navbar Search Form */
form.navbar-form,
form.navbar-form.navbar-left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 0 0 12px;
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.navbar-form .form-group {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.navbar-form input.form-control {
  height: 35px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  border-right: none;
  border-radius: 20px 0 0 20px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 13px;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  width: 120px;
  box-shadow: none;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1);
}

.navbar-form input.form-control::placeholder {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  font-size: 12.5px;
}

.navbar-form input.form-control:focus {
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #1e293b;
  border-color: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  width: 160px;
  outline: none;
}

.navbar-form input.form-control:focus::placeholder {
  color: #94a3b8;
}

.navbar-form button.btn,
.navbar-form button.btn.btn-default {
  height: 35px;
  border-radius: 0 20px 20px 0;
  background: var(--color-secondary);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-secondary);
  border-left: none;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.navbar-form button.btn:hover,
.navbar-form button.btn.btn-default:hover {
  background: #2b54a3;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

/* Mobile Navigation Toggle Button (Hidden on Desktop by default) */
button.navbar-toggle {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  width: 38px;
  height: 34px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  margin-top: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  margin-right: 12px;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

button.navbar-toggle:hover,
button.navbar-toggle:focus {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  outline: none !important;
}

button.navbar-toggle .icon-bar {
  display: block !important;
  width: 20px !important;
  height: 2px !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  background-color: #ffffff !important;
  border-radius: 2px !important;
}

button.navbar-toggle .icon-bar+.icon-bar {
  margin-top: 4px !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   4. HOMEPAGE & CURRENT ISSUE (TOC, CARDS & BUTTONS)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.pkp_structure_content.container {
  margin-top: 70px;
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

/* Current Issue Title */
p.current_issue_title.lead {
  color: var(--color-text-white);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

/* Current Issue Highlights Card */
.issue-details.col-md-8 {
  background: var(--color-secondary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 20px 26px;
  color: var(--color-text-white);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-strong);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.issue-details.col-md-8 .description {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  text-align: justify;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.issue-details.col-md-8 .description p {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--color-text-white);
}

.issue-details.col-md-8 .description p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.issue-details.col-md-8 p.published,
.issue-details.col-md-8 .pub_id {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-top: auto;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-top: 10px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  color: var(--color-text-white);
}

.issue-details.col-md-8 a {
  color: var(--color-text-white);
}

/* Issue Cover Thumbnail (Optimized for 3D Book Mockups & Flat Covers) */
.thumbnail.col-md-4 {
  background-color: transparent;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.issue-toc .thumbnail a.cover {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.issue-toc .thumbnail img,
.issue-toc img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 100%;
  width: auto;
  height: 100% !important;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 10px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));
  transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1), filter 0.3s ease;
}

.issue-toc .thumbnail a.cover:hover img {
  transform: translateY(-5px) scale(1.02);
  filter: drop-shadow(0 15px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45));
}

/* Issue Section Wrapper (Articles, Editorial, etc.) */
.issue-toc .section,
.issue-toc section.section {
  background: var(--color-secondary);
  padding: 30px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-strong);
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  position: relative;
}

.issue-toc .section .page-header {
  margin: 0 0 22px 0;
  padding: 0 0 14px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);
}

.issue-toc .section .page-header h2 {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.issue-toc .section .page-header h2 small {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 22px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.4px;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

/* Media List Articles Stack */
.issue-toc .media-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

/* Article Summary Card */
.article-summary.media {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
  padding: 18px 22px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: var(--color-tertiary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-strong);
  color: var(--color-text-white);
  transition: all 0.25s ease;
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
}

/* Interactive Hover Lift */
.article-summary.media:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  filter: brightness(1.05);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}

/* Article Thumbnail / Cover */
.article-summary .cover.media-left {
  padding-right: 18px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.article-summary .cover img.media-object {
  max-width: 90px;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.article-summary.media:hover .cover img.media-object {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

/* Article Body */
.article-summary .media-body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  flex: 1 1 auto;
  width: 100%;
}

/* Article Title */
.article-summary .media-heading {
  margin: 0 0 8px 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.article-summary .media-heading a {
  background: transparent !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  display: block;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.article-summary.media:hover .media-heading a,
.article-summary .media-heading a:hover {
  color: #e0f4ff !important;
  text-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
}

/* Article Subtitle */
.article-summary .media-heading small {
  display: block;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  margin-top: 4px;
}

/* Article Authors */
.article-summary .meta {
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.article-summary .authors {
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92) !important;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

/* Page Numbers */
.article-summary p.pages {
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78) !important;
  margin: 0 0 14px 0;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
}

.article-summary p.pages::before {
  content: 'pp. ';
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: 0.85;
}

/* Galley / PDF Action Button */
.article-summary .btn-group {
  margin-top: auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.article-summary a.galley-link,
.article-summary .galley-link.btn {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  padding: 6px 18px !important;
  font-family: var(--font-heading) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px !important;
  text-transform: uppercase !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  background: var(--color-primary) !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35) !important;
  border-radius: 20px !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.article-summary a.galley-link:hover,
.article-summary .galley-link.btn:hover,
.article-summary a.galley-link:focus,
.article-summary .galley-link.btn:focus {
  background: #ffffff !important;
  color: var(--color-secondary) !important;
  border-color: #ffffff !important;
  transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Primary Action Buttons */
.btn-primary {
  color: var(--color-text-white);
  background-color: var(--color-secondary);
  border-color: var(--color-accent-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

a.btn.btn-primary.read-more {
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-strong);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   5. SIDEBAR & CUSTOM BLOCKS
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
aside#sidebar {
  margin-top: 360px;
  background: var(--color-secondary);
  padding: 20px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-strong);
}

.pkp_block {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: transparent;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
}

.pkp_block h2.title {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--color-text-white);
  border-color: transparent;
  text-align: center;
}

.pkp_block .content ul li {
  background-color: var(--color-tertiary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  margin-top: 10px;
  border-width: 0;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-subtle);
  text-align: center;
}

.pkp_block .content ul li a {
  color: var(--color-text-white);
}

.block_custom .content p a {
  color: var(--color-text-white);
}

.pkp_block.block_custom div p a iframe,
.pkp_block.block_custom div p a img {
  /* max-width: -webkit-fill-available; */
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   6. ARTICLE DETAIL, EDITORIAL & ARCHIVE PAGES
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.pkp_page_focusandscope .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_ReviewesBoard .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_PublicationEthics .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_ArticleProcessingCharge .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_PEERREVIEWPROCESS .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_indexingjournal .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_PlagiarismScreening .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_ISSN .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_about .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_article .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_search .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_login .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_op_register .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_information .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_op_readers .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_op_authors .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_op_librarians .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_contact .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_privacy .pkp_structure_main,
.pkp_page_submissions .pkp_structure_main {
  position: static;
  top: auto;
  margin-top: 170px;
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.pkp_page_focusandscope aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_ReviewesBoard aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_PublicationEthics aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_ArticleProcessingCharge aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_PEERREVIEWPROCESS aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_indexingjournal aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_PlagiarismScreening aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_ISSN aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_about aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_article aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_search aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_login aside#sidebar,
.pkp_op_register aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_information aside#sidebar,
.pkp_op_readers aside#sidebar,
.pkp_op_authors aside#sidebar,
.pkp_op_librarians aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_contact aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_privacy aside#sidebar,
.pkp_page_submissions aside#sidebar {
  margin-top: 170px !important;
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

/* Information Pages (Readers, Authors, Librarians) */
.pkp_page_information .breadcrumb {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-subtle);
  padding: 10px 18px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.pkp_page_information .breadcrumb>li>a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.pkp_page_information .breadcrumb>.active {
  color: #64748b;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.page.page_information {
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 30px 36px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.page_information .page-header {
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #f1f5f9;
}

.page_information .page-header h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-secondary);
  margin: 0;
}

.page_information .description {
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: #334155;
}

.page_information .description p {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.page_information .description p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Article Detail Page (View Article) */
.pkp_page_article .breadcrumb {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-subtle);
  padding: 10px 18px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.pkp_page_article .breadcrumb>li>a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.pkp_page_article .breadcrumb>.active {
  color: #64748b;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.article-details h1.page-header {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 26px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1e293b;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 10px 0 24px 0;
  padding-bottom: 16px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #f1f5f9;
}

.article-details h1.page-header small {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 8px;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #64748b;
}

/* Article Details - Cover Image Thumbnail (3D Book Mockup & Flat) */
.article-details .cover-image {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.article-details .cover-image img {
  max-width: 220px;
  max-height: 320px;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: block;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.article-details .cover-image a:hover img,
.article-details .cover-image img:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24);
}

/* Article Details - PDF Download Button */
.article-details .download {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 15px 0 25px 0;
}

.article-details .download a.btn,
.article-details .download .obj_galley_link {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  min-width: 180px !important;
  padding: 10px 24px !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  background: var(--color-secondary) !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-secondary) !important;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(58, 104, 190, 0.3) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  transition: all 0.25s ease !important;
}

.article-details .download a.btn:hover,
.article-details .download .obj_galley_link:hover {
  background: #2b54a3 !important;
  border-color: #2b54a3 !important;
  transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(58, 104, 190, 0.45) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Article Sidebar Metadata Card (Published Date, DOI, Keywords) */
.article-sidebar .list-group {
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.article-sidebar .list-group-item {
  border-color: #f1f5f9;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  color: #334155;
}

.article-sidebar .list-group-item strong {
  color: var(--color-secondary);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.article-sidebar .list-group-item a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  word-break: break-all;
}

/* Article Main Content (Authors & Abstract) */
.article-details .authors {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.article-details .author strong {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--color-secondary);
}

.article-details .article-author-affiliation {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #64748b;
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.article-details .article-details-abstract {
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.article-details .article-details-abstract h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-heading);
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-secondary);
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #f1f5f9;
}

.article-details .article-details-abstract p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: #334155;
  text-align: justify;
}

/* Archive Page Only - Align with Banner & Typography */
.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .pkp_structure_main {
  position: static;
  top: auto;
  margin-top: 170px;
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .page_issue_archive {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive aside#sidebar {
  margin-top: 170px !important;
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .breadcrumb {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-subtle);
  padding: 10px 18px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .breadcrumb>li>a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .breadcrumb>.active {
  color: #64748b;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary.media {
  margin-bottom: 35px;
  padding-bottom: 25px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .media-heading {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .media-heading a.title,
.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .media-heading a {
  background: transparent !important;
  color: var(--color-secondary) !important;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .media-heading a:hover {
  color: var(--color-primary) !important;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .series.lead {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #64748b;
  margin-top: 4px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .description {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: #334155;
  text-align: justify;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .media-left {
  padding-right: 22px;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary .media-left img.media-object {
  max-width: 140px;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25));
  border-radius: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

.pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .issue-summary a.cover:hover img.media-object {
  transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.02);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   7. ADDITIONAL CONTENT PAGES (APC / FEES)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Main Wrapper */
.fee-container {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: auto;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  background: var(--primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--tertiary-light);
}

/* Page Title */
.fee-container h2 {
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--background-color);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  font-size: 1.8rem;
}

/* Fee Items List */
.fee-list p {
  background: var(--primary-light);
  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
  margin: 0.3rem 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--background-color);
}

/* Highlighted Fees */
.fee-list p strong {
  color: var(--color-danger-accent);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

/* Descriptions */
.fee-description {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  padding: 0.8rem 1rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

/* Embedded Media / Proofs */
.fee-container img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  margin: 1.5rem auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8. FOOTER
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
footer.footer {
  background: var(--color-footer-bg);
  color: var(--color-text-white);
  clear: both;
  margin-top: 60px;
  padding: 35px 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
  width: 100%;
}

.pkp_page_index footer.footer,
.pkp_page_issue footer.footer {
  margin-top: 60px;
}

footer.footer img.img-responsive {
  display: none;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9. RESPONSIVE BREAKPOINTS
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Large Desktops (min-width: 1275px) */
@media (min-width: 1275px) {

  a.navbar-brand,
  .navbar-brand {
    font-size: 25px !important;
    max-width: 480px;
  }

  .nav.navbar-nav li a {
    font-size: 13px !important;
  }
}

/* Desktops & Tablets (min-width: 992px) */
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  p.current_issue_title.lead {
    margin-left: 235px;
    width: calc(150% + 15px - 235px);
    max-width: calc(1140px - 235px);
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    left: 0;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .issue-toc .heading.row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: stretch;
    width: calc(156% + 15px);
    max-width: 1151px;
    height: 285px;
    max-height: 285px;
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    gap: 25px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
  }

  .issue-toc .thumbnail.col-md-4 {
    flex: 0 0 210px;
    width: 210px;
    max-width: 210px;
    height: 285px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .issue-details.col-md-8 {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    width: auto;
    min-width: 0;
    height: 285px;
    position: relative;
    top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    color: var(--color-text-white);
  }

  .issue-details.col-md-8 a {
    color: var(--color-text-white);
  }

  aside#sidebar {
    margin-top: 360px;
  }
}

/* Large Desktops (min-width: 1200px) */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .issue-toc .thumbnail.col-md-4 {
    flex: 0 0 220px;
    width: 220px;
    max-width: 220px;
    height: 290px;
  }

  .issue-toc .heading.row {
    height: 290px;
    max-height: 290px;
  }

  .issue-details.col-md-8 {
    height: 290px;
  }

  p.current_issue_title.lead {
    margin-left: 245px;
    width: calc(150% + 15px - 245px);
    max-width: calc(1140px - 245px);
  }

  aside#sidebar {
    margin-top: 365px;
  }
}

/* Tablets & Desktops (min-width: 768px) */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  button.navbar-toggle {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .navbar-form .form-group {}

  .navbar>.container .navbar-brand,
  .navbar>.container-fluid .navbar-brand,
  .header_view>.container .navbar-brand,
  .header_view>.container-fluid .navbar-brand {
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .container-fluid:nth-child(2) {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    flex: 1 1 auto;
  }

  nav#nav-menu {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
    float: none !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    float: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .pull-md-right {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    float: none !important;
  }
}

/* Medium Tablets & Under (max-width: 1275px) */
@media (max-width: 1275px) {

  a.navbar-brand,
  .navbar-brand {
    font-size: 25px !important;
    line-height: 1.25;
  }
}

/* Tablet Landscape (max-width: 992px / 991px) */
@media (max-width: 992px) {

  a.navbar-brand,
  .navbar-brand {
    font-size: 14px !important;
  }

  .nav.navbar-nav li a {
    font-size: 12px !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 991px) {
  .issue-toc section.section {
    margin-top: 44px;
  }

  .pkp_structure_content.container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .heading.row {
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .issue-toc .heading.row {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
  }

  .issue-toc .thumbnail.col-md-4 {
    max-width: 220px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .issue-details.col-md-8 {
    width: 100%;
  }

  p.current_issue_title.lead {
    text-align: center;
    margin-left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    left: 0;
  }

  aside#sidebar,
  .pkp_page_article aside#sidebar,
  .pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive aside#sidebar {
    margin-top: 20px !important;
    width: 79.333333%;
  }

  .pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_article .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_information .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_about .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_contact .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_submissions .pkp_structure_main {
    margin-top: 100px;
  }
}

/* Small Tablets / Search form (max-width: 946px) */
@media (max-width: 946px) {
  .navbar-form .form-control {
    width: 100px;
  }
}

/* Mobile Devices (max-width: 768px / 767px / 766px) */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .container-fluid:nth-child(2) {
    justify-content: start;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  aside#sidebar {
    width: 96%;
  }
}

/* Mobile Navigation & Phone Header Layout (max-width: 767px) */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
  /* Prevent horizontal scrolling and edge cutoff on mobile */
  html, body, .pkp_structure_page {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    overflow-x: hidden !important;
  }

  /* Full-width mobile navigation bar */
  header#headerNavigationContainer {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    position: relative !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    min-height: auto !important;
    padding: 8px 12px !important;
  }

  /* Remove 320px hero banner on mobile to eliminate giant empty void & overflow */
  header#headerNavigationContainer::after {
    display: none !important;
  }

  /* Mobile Content Containers & Reset Top Margin */
  .pkp_structure_content.container {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    box-sizing: border-box !important;
    margin-top: 15px !important;
    margin-bottom: 30px !important;
    padding-left: 15px !important;
    padding-right: 15px !important;
  }

  .pkp_page_focusandscope .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_ReviewesBoard .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_PublicationEthics .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_ArticleProcessingCharge .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_PEERREVIEWPROCESS .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_indexingjournal .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_PlagiarismScreening .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_ISSN .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_about .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_article .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_search .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_login .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_op_register .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_information .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_op_readers .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_op_authors .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_op_librarians .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_contact .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_privacy .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_submissions .pkp_structure_main,
  .pkp_page_issue .pkp_structure_main {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 25px !important;
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  aside#sidebar,
  .pkp_page_article aside#sidebar,
  .pkp_page_issue.pkp_op_archive aside#sidebar {
    margin-top: 25px !important;
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  /* Homepage Current Issue Title on Mobile */
  p.current_issue_title.lead {
    color: var(--color-secondary) !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
    font-size: 16px !important;
    margin-top: 8px !important;
    margin-bottom: 14px !important;
  }

  /* User Menu (Right side of top bar) */
  .container-fluid:nth-child(1) {
    width: auto !important;
    flex: 0 0 auto !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    order: 1 !important;
  }

  .container-fluid:nth-child(1) .row {
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  ul#navigationUser {
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  ul#navigationUser>li>a {
    height: auto !important;
    padding: 5px 11px !important;
    font-size: 11.5px !important;
  }

  /* Brand & Hamburger (Left side of top bar) */
  .container-fluid:nth-child(2) {
    position: static !important;
    width: auto !important;
    flex: 1 1 auto !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 8px 0 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: flex-start !important;
    order: 2 !important;
  }

  .navbar-header {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    flex: 1 1 auto !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  button.navbar-toggle {
    display: inline-flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    width: 38px !important;
    height: 34px !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 10px 0 0 !important;
    float: none !important;
    flex: 0 0 auto !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35) !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
  }

  button.navbar-toggle .icon-bar {
    display: block !important;
    width: 20px !important;
    height: 2px !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    background-color: #ffffff !important;
    border-radius: 2px !important;
  }

  button.navbar-toggle .icon-bar+.icon-bar {
    margin-top: 4px !important;
  }

  a.navbar-brand,
  .navbar-brand {
    font-size: 13px !important;
    line-height: 1.25 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    max-width: calc(100vw - 190px) !important;
    display: -webkit-box !important;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
  }

  /* Mobile Drawer Floating Panel */
  nav#nav-menu {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: calc(100% + 6px) !important;
    left: 10px !important;
    right: 10px !important;
    width: auto !important;
    float: none !important;
    background: var(--color-primary) !important;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #019cd3 0%, #0185b5 100%) !important;
    z-index: 10000 !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 16px 36px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25) !important;
    padding: 14px !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
    overflow-x: hidden !important;
    overflow-y: visible !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu.collapse:not(.in) {
    display: none !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu.collapse.in,
  nav#nav-menu.in,
  nav#nav-menu.collapsing {
    display: flex !important;
  }

  /* Vertical Menu Items Stack */
  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    float: none !important;
    margin: 0 0 12px 0 !important;
    gap: 4px !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav>li {
    width: 100% !important;
    float: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav>li>a {
    display: block !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    padding: 11px 15px !important;
    font-size: 14px !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12) !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    text-align: left !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav>li>a:hover,
  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav>li>a:focus {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24) !important;
  }

  /* Accordion Dropdown on Mobile (About) */
  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu {
    position: static !important;
    float: none !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
    margin: 4px 0 6px 0 !important;
    padding: 6px !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-nav .open .dropdown-menu>li>a {
    color: #ffffff !important;
    padding: 9px 14px !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
  }

  /* Full-width Search Bar inside Mobile Drawer */
  nav#nav-menu .pull-md-right {
    width: 100% !important;
    float: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 10px !important;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu form.navbar-form {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    align-items: center !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-form .form-group {
    flex: 1 1 auto !important;
    width: auto !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-form input.form-control {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 38px !important;
    border-radius: 20px 0 0 20px !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4) !important;
    border-right: none !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
    padding: 6px 14px !important;
  }

  nav#nav-menu .navbar-form button.btn {
    flex: 0 0 85px !important;
    width: 85px !important;
    height: 38px !important;
    border-radius: 0 20px 20px 0 !important;
    background: var(--color-secondary) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-secondary) !important;
    border-left: none !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
  }

  /* Articles Section & Cards Responsive Adjustments */
  .issue-toc .section,
  .issue-toc section.section {
    padding: 20px 16px !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md) !important;
  }

  .issue-toc .section .page-header h2,
  .issue-toc .section .page-header h2 small {
    font-size: 18px !important;
  }

  .article-summary.media {
    padding: 16px !important;
    border-radius: 10px !important;
  }

  .article-summary .media-heading a {
    font-size: 14.5px !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
  }

  .article-summary .authors {
    font-size: 12.5px !important;
  }

  .article-summary p.pages {
    font-size: 12px !important;
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
  }

  .article-summary a.galley-link,
  .article-summary .galley-link.btn {
    padding: 5px 14px !important;
    font-size: 11px !important;
  }

  /* Article Detail Page Mobile Polish */
  .pkp_page_article .breadcrumb {
    padding: 8px 12px !important;
    font-size: 11.5px !important;
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
  }

  .article-details h1.page-header {
    font-size: 19px !important;
    line-height: 1.35 !important;
    margin: 8px 0 16px 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 12px !important;
  }

  .article-details h1.page-header small {
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
  }

  .article-details .cover-image {
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
  }

  .article-details .cover-image img {
    max-width: 180px !important;
    max-height: 260px !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
  }

  .article-details .download {
    margin: 12px auto 20px auto !important;
  }

  .article-details .download a.btn,
  .article-details .download .obj_galley_link {
    min-width: 160px !important;
    max-width: 220px !important;
    width: auto !important;
    padding: 8px 20px !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
  }

  .article-details .article-details-abstract {
    padding: 16px !important;
  }

  .article-details .article-details-abstract h2 {
    font-size: 16px !important;
    margin-bottom: 10px !important;
  }

  .article-details .article-details-abstract p {
    font-size: 13px !important;
    line-height: 1.65 !important;
  }
}

/* Mobile - Extra Small (max-width: 600px) */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .fee-container {
    padding: 1rem;
  }

  .fee-container h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }

  .fee-list p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }
}

/* Mobile Small (max-width: 425px) */
@media (max-width: 425px) {

  a.navbar-brand,
  .navbar-brand {
    font-size: 12px !important;
    max-width: calc(100vw - 165px) !important;
  }
}